Question Summary:
Speaking bad about Sahabah RA & not believing in the books of Ahadith Question Detail:
SalamIf a person,1) Speaks bad about the companions2) Does not believe in the Hadith books (Sahih Bukhari etc)is he a kafir?JazakAllah
Answer :
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.
The Sahaba of Rasulullah Sallalahu Alayhi Wa Sallam are declared as a measure of Iman by Allah himself. Allah says:
[{آمِنُوا كَمَا آمَنَ النَّاسُ} [البقرة: 13
Translation: Believe as the people have believed
The people referred to in this verse are the Sahaba.[i] Furthermore, Allah refers to the Sahaba as
{رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ} [التوبة: 100]
Translation: Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Allah
In Surah Fath, Allah describes the Sahaba with the following:
{مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّاءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَاءُ بَيْنَهُمْ تَرَاهُمْ رُكَّعًا سُجَّدًا يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانًا سِيمَاهُمْ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ مِنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ} [الفتح: 29]
Translation: Muhammad is Allahs messenger and those with him are strong against the Kuffaat and compassionate among themselves. You will see them sometimes bowing (in Ruku’), sometimes prostrating (in Sajdah, always) seeking Allahs bounty and his pleasure. Their hallmark (by which they are recognised) is on their faces because of the effort of prostration (referring to the illumination and humility apparent on their faces).
If a Muslim speaks bad about the Sahaba, it is only due to his ignorance of the illustrious position of the Sahaba. Whoever studies the lives of the Sahaba with an honest & open mind will revere the Sahaba and emulate them. A person who speaks bad about the Sahaba is a Faasiq (transgressor) and a Daal (deviated person).[ii]
What aspect of the hadith books does the person not believe in?
And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best
Ridhwan Ur Rahman
Student Darul Iftaa
Cardiff, Wales, UK
Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.
[i] تفسير الجلالين (ص: 5)
{وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ آمِنُوا كَمَا آمَنَ النَّاس} أَصْحَاب النَّبِيّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
[ii] مجموعة رساءل ابن عابدين – 1/559
والحاصل ان الحكم بالكفر على ساب الشيخين او غيرهما من الصحابة مطلقا قول ضعيف
الجوهرة النيرة على مختصر القدوري (2/ 231)
وَمِنْ الْكَبَائِرِ السِّحْرُ وَكِتْمَانُ الشَّهَادَةِ مِنْ غَيْرِ عُذْرٍ وَالْإِفْطَارُ فِي رَمَضَانَ مِنْ غَيْرِ عُذْرٍ وَقَطْعُ الرَّحِمِ وَتَرْكُ الصَّلَاةِ مُتَعَمِّدًا وَمَنْعُ الزَّكَاةِ وَنِسْيَانُ الْقُرْآنِ وَسَبُّ الصَّحَابَةِ
الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (3/ 46)
وَبِهَذَا ظَهَرَ أَنَّ الرَّافِضِيَّ إنْ كَانَ مِمَّنْ يَعْتَقِدُ الْأُلُوهِيَّةَ فِي عَلِيٍّ، أَوْ أَنَّ جِبْرِيلَ غَلِطَ فِي الْوَحْيِ، أَوْ كَانَ يُنْكِرُ صُحْبَةَ الصِّدِّيقِ، أَوْ يَقْذِفُ السَّيِّدَةَ الصِّدِّيقَةَ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ لِمُخَالَفَتِهِ الْقَوَاطِعَ الْمَعْلُومَةَ مِنْ الدِّينِ بِالضَّرُورَةِ، بِخِلَافِ مَا إذَا كَانَ يُفَضِّلُ عَلِيًّا أَوْ يَسُبُّ الصَّحَابَةَ فَإِنَّهُ مُبْتَدِعٌ لَا كَافِرٌ كَمَا أَوْضَحْته فِي كِتَابِي تَنْبِيهُ الْوُلَاةِ وَالْحُكَّامِ عَامَّةَ أَحْكَامِ شَاتِمِ خَيْرِ الْأَنَامِ أَوْ أَحَدِ الصَّحَابَةِ الْكِرَامِ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَيْهِمْ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَا
فتاوى محمودية 2/55
فتاوى مفتي محمود 1/218- 1/228 – 1/291
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