Question Summary:
1) Is it allowed to make another Jammat if we miss the actual Jamaat in the Mosque? 2) Is it allowed to perform Fardh Prayers on a moving Train ,Ship & Aeroplane? How is the directtion of Qibla dertimined?

Question Detail:

1) Is it allowed to make another Jammat if we miss the actual Jamaat in the Mosque?
2)  Is it allowed to perform Fardh Prayers on a moving Train ,Ship & Aeroplane? How is the directtion of Qibla dertimined?

Answer :

In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

Assalaamu `alaykum waRahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
 
1)      There are different situations for performing a second Jamaat. The ruling for each situation will be different. Hereunder are the different situations:
a)      The Musjid (Jamaat Khana) is constructed solely for travellers,
b)      The Musjid does not have an appointed Imaam and Muazzin,
c)      The first Jamaat was performed by non-residents of the community,
d)     The first Jamaat was performed by residents of the community. However, the jamaat was performed without calling out the Adhaan.
In the above four situations, it will be permissible to perform the secondJamaaat with Adhaan and Iqaamat.
e)       If a resident of the locality called out the Adhaan for the first jamaat, and the first jamaat was performed exactly like the normal jamaat, (i.e. from the front, etc). It will be makrooh Tahrimi to perform Salaat in a second Jamaat.  (Ahsanul fatawa vol.3 pg.321,HM Saeed)
 
2)      The Salaah times should be calculated and an effort be made in trying to perform the Salaah before departure or when you reach your destination. However, if the need arises to perform Fard Salaah in the conveyance (train, ship, aeroplane), it should be performed whilst standing and facing the Qiblah. If the conveyance turns he should also do so whilst in Salaah.
(Ahasnul Fatawa vol.4 pg.88,HM Saeed)
ومن أراد أن يصلي في سفينة تطوعا أو فريضة فعليه أن يستقبل القبلة ولا يجوز له أن يصلي حيثما كان وجهه كذا في الخلاصة حتى لو دارت السفينة وهو يصلي توجه إلى القبلة حيث دارت كذا في شرح منية المصلي لابن أمير الحاج
(Fatawa Hindiya vol.1 pg.63, Rashidiya)
 
And Allah knows best
Wassalam u Alaikum
Ml. Rayhaan Docrat,
Student Darul Iftaa
Checked and Approved by:
Mufti Ebrahim Desai
Darul Iftaa, Madrassah In'aamiyyah