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Question Summary:
iddat is a farz and if some one can not perform iddat immediately after divorce is there any QAZA for it. i had this wrong concept in my mind that iddat can be started anytime after divorce for 130 days

Question Detail:

iddat is a farz and if some one can not perform iddat immediately after divorce is there any QAZA for it. i had this wrong concept in my mind that iddat can be started anytime after divorce for 130 days

Answer :

In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

Assalaamu `alaykum waRahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
 
The time for ‘iddah starts immediately after the issuance of divorce or death of the husband.  There is no qadā’ of ‘iddah.  If the ‘iddah time has passed without the woman observing ‘iddah due to some reason, then she should make istighfār for not observing the laws of ‘iddah.
 
Furthermore, the ‘iddah for a divorce is three menstrual cycles (or three months for non-menstruating women), not 130 days.  Rather, the ‘iddah for a widow is four months and ten days (or 130 days).
 
وَالْمُطَلَّقَاتُ يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ ثَلَاثَةَ قُرُوءٍ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَهُنَّ أَنْ يَكْتُمْنَ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ فِي أَرْحَامِهِنَّ إِنْ كُنَّ يُؤْمِنَّ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَبُعُولَتُهُنَّ أَحَقُّ بِرَدِّهِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ إِنْ أَرَادُوا إِصْلَاحًا وَلَهُنَّ مِثْلُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلِلرِّجَالِ عَلَيْهِنَّ دَرَجَةٌ وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ (البقرة: 228)
 
وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ (البقرة: 234)
 
هي انتظار مدة معلومة يلزم المرأة بعد زوال النكاح حقيقة أو شبهة
(الفتاوى العالمكيرية، كتاب الطلاق، الباب الثالث عشر: 1/526؛ رشيدية)
 
( ومبدأ العدة بعد الطلاق و ) بعد ( الموت ) على الفور ( وتنقضي العدة وإن جهلت ) المرأة ( بهما ) أي بالطلاق والموت لأنها أجل فلا يشترط العلم بمضيه
(الدر المختار المطبوع برد المحتار، كتاب الطلاق، باب العدة: 3/520؛ سعيد)
 
And Allah knows best
Wassalaamu `alaykum
Ml. Abrar Mirza,
Student Darul Iftaa

Checked and Approved by:
Mufti Ebrahim Desai
Darul Iftaa, Madrassah In'aamiyyah

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